Cast iron is often chosen for its ability to absorb vibration and noise. This makes it perfect for producing low-noise, high-stability parts with CNC machining.
Cast iron parts are very common.Cast iron parts are chosen for their economy and ability to be cast into complex shapes. They also damp vibrations well, making them ideal for machines, engines, gearboxes, and brakes.
Vibration is critical for some equipment. It causes noise, malfunctions, and failures. If vibration energy builds up, it increases amplitude.Excessive vibration impacts machinery accuracy and surface stability. It also shortens the life of parts like gears and bearings. Using materials with high damping capacity can reduce vibration and noise. This approach helps to extend the life of equipment.
The figure shows how three materials damp vibrations. Gray cast iron damps the fastest, followed by ductile iron, and then steel, with each material damping at about half the rate of the one before it.
Why is the damping characteristic of gray cast iron so good? Here we may need to mention a phrase that is more unfamiliar to everyone, that is, internal friction and mechanical spectroscopy. Even isolated vibrating solids lose mechanical energy over time due to internal friction. This internal friction is linked to the material's microstructure, defects, and external environment.The elements can be displayed as a spectrum based on temperature, frequency, or stress.
The figure compares internal friction in graphite, gray cast iron, and pure iron. Gray cast iron's internal friction increases sharply between 180 and 250K. Its curve correlates with graphite's, showing that graphite's dislocation movement causes gray cast iron's internal damping.
The above are some theoretical explanations for why cast iron parts can reduce vibration and noise. It is a bit academic and abstract. However, it is a knowledge expansion for everyone to understand. Learning more about cnc machining materials or to find a cnc supplier, please click here
Spheroidal cast iron has worse vibration damping due to its graphite structure. But it's strong like steel, making it ideal for critical uses where vibration matters. Gray cast iron is better for low-stress situations where damping is key.(来源：iMechanics机械)
